{"id":97282,"date":"2026-11-03T11:01:48","date_gmt":"2026-11-03T11:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/directiva-ue-2026-2450-sexta-revision-de-la-directiva-de-cancerigenos\/"},"modified":"2026-11-03T11:01:50","modified_gmt":"2026-11-03T11:01:50","slug":"directiva-ue-2026-2450-sexta-revision-de-la-directiva-de-cancerigenos","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/es\/directiva-ue-2026-2450-sexta-revision-de-la-directiva-de-cancerigenos\/","title":{"rendered":"Directiva (UE) 2026\/2450 Sexta revisi\u00f3n de la Directiva de cancer\u00edgenos"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"97282\" class=\"elementor elementor-97282 elementor-97277\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86c0b10 elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default 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.kt-language-block[lang][lang=\"it\"]{display:block!important}\r\nhtml:lang(de) #dir-2026-2450-article[data-kt-template=\"cronologia-v1\"] .kt-language-block[lang][lang=\"de\"]{display:block!important}\r\nhtml:not(:lang(es)):not(:lang(en)):not(:lang(fr)):not(:lang(it)):not(:lang(de)) #dir-2026-2450-article[data-kt-template=\"cronologia-v1\"] .kt-language-block[lang][lang=\"es\"]{display:block!important}\r\n<\/style><style data-kt-article=\"directiva-2026-2450\">\r\n\/* Article-specific layout stays independent; the typography below follows\r\n   the official shared cronologia-v1 pattern from the supplied KEYTER templates. *\/\r\n#dir-2026-2450-article[data-kt-template=\"cronologia-v1\"] .une-article-text {\r\n  font-family:var(--kt-font-editorial)!important;\r\n  font-size:var(--kt-text-size)!important;\r\n  line-height:1.56!important;\r\n  color:#111!important;\r\n}\r\n#dir-2026-2450-article[data-kt-template=\"cronologia-v1\"] .une-article-text > p,\r\n#dir-2026-2450-article[data-kt-template=\"cronologia-v1\"] .une-article-text .une-column > p {\r\n  font-family:var(--kt-font-editorial)!important;\r\n  font-size:var(--kt-text-size)!important;\r\n  line-height:1.56!important;\r\n}\r\n#dir-2026-2450-article[data-kt-template=\"cronologia-v1\"] .une-article-text .kt-editorial-link {\r\n  color:inherit!important;\r\n  text-decoration-color:var(--une-green)!important;\r\n  text-underline-offset:3px;\r\n}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<article aria-labelledby=\"kt-dir-2450-headline\" data-kt-template=\"cronologia-v1\" id=\"dir-2026-2450-article\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Article\">\r\n<header class=\"une-article-header\">\r\n<h1 id=\"kt-dir-2450-headline\" itemprop=\"headline\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Directiva (UE) 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Directive (EU) 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Directive (UE) 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Direttiva (UE) 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Richtlinie (EU) 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-subtitle\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Sexta revisi\u00f3n de la Directiva de cancer\u00edgenos<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Sixth revision of the Carcinogens Directive<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Sixi\u00e8me r\u00e9vision de la directive sur les agents canc\u00e9rog\u00e8nes<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Sesta revisione della direttiva sugli agenti cancerogeni<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Sechste \u00dcberarbeitung der Karzinogene-Richtlinie<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\r\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"une-title-mark\"><img alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"20\" src=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/line-leaf-single-right.svg\" width=\"300\"\/><\/div>\r\n<aside class=\"pree-author-card pree-author-card--top\">\r\n<div class=\"pree-author-identity\">\r\n<img alt=\"Jos\u00e9 Jes\u00fas Arboledas Herranz\" class=\"keyter-author-compact__photo\" data-une-img=\"autor\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"58\" loading=\"eager\" src=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/1791098996839.jpg\" width=\"58\"\/>\r\n<div class=\"keyter-author-compact__content\">\r\n<p class=\"keyter-author-compact__name\">Jos\u00e9 Jes\u00fas Arboledas Herranz<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"keyter-author-compact__meta\"><span>Instituto Ent\u00e1lpico Espa\u00f1ol<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"keyter-author-compact__bio\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Miembro ASHRAE Spain Chapter<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">ASHRAE Spain Chapter member<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Membre de l'ASHRAE Spain Chapter<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Membro di ASHRAE Spain Chapter<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Mitglied des ASHRAE Spain Chapter<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"keyter-author-compact__links\"><a href=\"mailto:iee@institutoentalpico.com\"><span>iee@institutoentalpico.com<\/span><\/a>\r\n<span aria-hidden=\"true\"> \u00b7 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/es.linkedin.com\/posts\/jos%C3%A9-jes%C3%BAs-arboledas-herranz-8a8a6bb1_directiva-ue-20262450-activity-7522586909840166912-WzmJ\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">LinkedIn<\/a><span aria-hidden=\"true\"> \u00b7 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@institutoentalpicoespa%C3%B1ol\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">YouTube<\/a><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<a class=\"pree-iee-logo-link pree-iee-logo--author\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/view\/institutoentalpico\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><img alt=\"Instituto Ent\u00e1lpico Espa\u00f1ol\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/institutoentalpico-logo.webp\" width=\"180\"\/><\/a>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"une-boe-spacer\"><\/div>\r\n<\/aside>\r\n<nav aria-labelledby=\"kt-normas-top\" class=\"une-norm-tags une-norm-tags--top\"><span class=\"une-i18n-sr-only\" id=\"kt-normas-top\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Normativa y documentos oficiales<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Legislation and official documents<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">L\u00e9gislation et documents officiels<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Normativa e documenti ufficiali<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Rechtsvorschriften und amtliche Dokumente<\/span><\/span><div class=\"une-norm-tags__grid\"><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">UE 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">EU 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">UE 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">UE 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">EU 2026\/2450<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A32026L2450\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">2004\/37\/CE \u00b7 consolidada<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">2004\/37\/EC \u00b7 consolidated<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">2004\/37\/CE \u00b7 consolid\u00e9e<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">2004\/37\/CE \u00b7 consolidata<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">2004\/37\/EG \u00b7 konsolidiert<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1997\/BOE-A-1997-11145-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/2001\/BOE-A-2001-8436-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1995\/BOE-A-1995-24292-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Ley 31\/1995<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Law 31\/1995<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Loi 31\/1995<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Legge 31\/1995<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Gesetz 31\/1995<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/nav>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"une-article-text\" itemprop=\"articleBody\">\r\n<div class=\"une-intro\">\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a> modifica la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva 2004\/37\/CE<\/a> e incorpora nuevos valores l\u00edmite vinculantes para el cobalto y sus compuestos inorg\u00e1nicos, los hidrocarburos arom\u00e1ticos polic\u00edclicos, el isopreno y el 1,4-dioxano. Tambi\u00e9n incluye determinados trabajos con humos de soldadura en el \u00e1mbito de la norma. Para las empresas, el cambio exige revisar la evaluaci\u00f3n de riesgos, la estrategia de medici\u00f3n y las medidas t\u00e9cnicas de control.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive (EU) 2026\/2450<\/a> amends <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive 2004\/37\/EC<\/a> and introduces new binding exposure limits for cobalt and its inorganic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, isoprene and 1,4-dioxane. It also brings certain welding-fume activities within the Directive\u2019s scope. Companies will need to review risk assessments, measurement strategies and technical control measures.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a> modifie la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive 2004\/37\/CE<\/a> et introduit de nouvelles valeurs limites contraignantes pour le cobalt et ses compos\u00e9s inorganiques, les hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, l\u2019isopr\u00e8ne et le 1,4-dioxane. Elle inclut \u00e9galement certains travaux exposant aux fum\u00e9es de soudage. Les entreprises doivent revoir l\u2019\u00e9valuation des risques, les strat\u00e9gies de mesurage et les mesures techniques de pr\u00e9vention.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a> modifica la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva 2004\/37\/CE<\/a> e introduce nuovi valori limite vincolanti per il cobalto e i suoi composti inorganici, gli idrocarburi policiclici aromatici, l\u2019isoprene e l\u20191,4-diossano. Include inoltre determinate attivit\u00e0 con esposizione ai fumi di saldatura. Per le imprese sono necessarie verifiche della valutazione dei rischi, delle strategie di misurazione e delle misure tecniche di controllo.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie (EU) 2026\/2450<\/a> \u00e4ndert die <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie 2004\/37\/EG<\/a> und f\u00fchrt neue verbindliche Grenzwerte f\u00fcr Kobalt und seine anorganischen Verbindungen, polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, Isopren und 1,4-Dioxan ein. Auch bestimmte Schwei\u00dfraucharbeiten werden erfasst. Unternehmen m\u00fcssen Gef\u00e4hrdungsbeurteilungen, Messstrategien und technische Schutzma\u00dfnahmen \u00fcberpr\u00fcfen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<section class=\"une-page-group une-text-columns\">\r\n<div class=\"une-column\">\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"alcance\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Una modificaci\u00f3n de alcance concreto<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">A targeted amendment<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Une modification de port\u00e9e pr\u00e9cise<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Una modifica di portata specifica<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Eine \u00c4nderung mit gezieltem Anwendungsbereich<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a>, publicada en el Diario Oficial de la Uni\u00f3n Europea el 30 de octubre de 2026, constituye la sexta revisi\u00f3n de la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva 2004\/37\/CE<\/a> sobre la protecci\u00f3n de las personas trabajadoras frente a los riesgos relacionados con la exposici\u00f3n laboral a agentes carcin\u00f3genos, mut\u00e1genos o reprot\u00f3xicos \u2014CMR\u2014. La modificaci\u00f3n actualiza los anexos I, III y III bis: incorpora trabajos con determinados humos de soldadura, fija valores l\u00edmite vinculantes para nuevas sustancias y ajusta disposiciones relativas al mercurio y a la vigilancia biol\u00f3gica.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Published in the Official Journal of the European Union on 30 October 2026, <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive (EU) 2026\/2450<\/a> is the sixth revision of <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive 2004\/37\/EC<\/a> on the protection of workers from occupational exposure to carcinogenic, mutagenic or reprotoxic agents (CMR). It updates Annexes I, III and IIIa: it covers certain welding fumes, establishes binding exposure limits for additional substances and adjusts provisions on mercury and biological monitoring.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Publi\u00e9e au Journal officiel de l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne le 30 octobre 2026, la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a> constitue la sixi\u00e8me r\u00e9vision de la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive 2004\/37\/CE<\/a> relative \u00e0 la protection des travailleurs contre l\u2019exposition professionnelle aux agents canc\u00e9rog\u00e8nes, mutag\u00e8nes ou reprotoxiques (CMR). Elle actualise les annexes I, III et III bis, inclut certains travaux de soudage, fixe de nouvelles valeurs limites contraignantes et adapte les dispositions relatives au mercure et \u00e0 la surveillance biologique.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Pubblicata nella Gazzetta ufficiale dell\u2019Unione europea il 30 ottobre 2026, la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a> rappresenta la sesta revisione della <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva 2004\/37\/CE<\/a> sulla protezione dei lavoratori dall\u2019esposizione professionale ad agenti cancerogeni, mutageni o tossici per la riproduzione (CMR). Aggiorna gli allegati I, III e III bis, comprende alcuni fumi di saldatura, introduce limiti vincolanti per ulteriori sostanze e modifica le disposizioni sul mercurio e sul monitoraggio biologico.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die am 30. Oktober 2026 im Amtsblatt der Europ\u00e4ischen Union ver\u00f6ffentlichte <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie (EU) 2026\/2450<\/a> stellt die sechste \u00dcberarbeitung der <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie 2004\/37\/EG<\/a> zum Schutz der Besch\u00e4ftigten vor berufsbedingter Exposition gegen\u00fcber krebserzeugenden, mutagenen oder reproduktionstoxischen Stoffen (CMR) dar. Sie aktualisiert die Anh\u00e4nge I, III und IIIa, erfasst bestimmte Schwei\u00dfrauche, legt verbindliche Grenzwerte f\u00fcr weitere Stoffe fest und passt Bestimmungen zu Quecksilber und biologischem Monitoring an.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"une-column\">\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"limites\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Nuevos valores l\u00edmite profesionales<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">New occupational exposure limits<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Nouvelles valeurs limites professionnelles<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Nuovi valori limite professionali<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Neue Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Los valores de exposici\u00f3n de larga duraci\u00f3n se expresan como media ponderada en el tiempo para ocho horas, salvo que se indique otra condici\u00f3n. La fracci\u00f3n inhalable y la fracci\u00f3n respirable representan convenciones de muestreo distintas: no son magnitudes intercambiables ni describen la misma parte del aerosol que puede penetrar en el sistema respiratorio.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Long-term occupational exposure limits are expressed as eight-hour time-weighted averages unless otherwise stated. Inhalable and respirable fractions follow different sampling conventions: they are not interchangeable and do not represent the same portion of airborne particles entering the respiratory system.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Les valeurs limites d\u2019exposition \u00e0 long terme sont exprim\u00e9es en moyennes pond\u00e9r\u00e9es sur huit heures, sauf indication contraire. Les fractions inhalable et alv\u00e9olaire correspondent \u00e0 des conventions de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement distinctes : elles ne sont pas interchangeables et ne repr\u00e9sentent pas la m\u00eame fraction de l\u2019a\u00e9rosol p\u00e9n\u00e9trant dans l\u2019appareil respiratoire.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">I limiti di esposizione a lungo termine sono espressi come medie ponderate su otto ore, salvo diversa indicazione. Le frazioni inalabile e respirabile corrispondono a convenzioni di campionamento differenti: non sono intercambiabili e non rappresentano la stessa porzione di aerosol che penetra nell\u2019apparato respiratorio.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Langzeitgrenzwerte werden, sofern nicht anders angegeben, als zeitgewichteter Mittelwert \u00fcber acht Stunden ausgedr\u00fcckt. Einatembare und alveoleng\u00e4ngige Fraktionen beruhen auf unterschiedlichen Probenahmekonventionen; sie sind nicht austauschbar und erfassen nicht denselben Anteil des in die Atemwege gelangenden Aerosols.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/section>\r\n<div class=\"une-table-wrap\"><table class=\"une-limits-table\"><caption><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Nuevos valores l\u00edmite profesionales<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">New occupational exposure limits<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Nouvelles valeurs limites professionnelles<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Nuovi valori limite professionali<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Neue Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr>\r\n<th><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Agente<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Agent<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Agent<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Agente<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Stoff<\/span><\/th>\r\n<th><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Valor l\u00edmite de larga duraci\u00f3n (8 h)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Long-term limit (8 h)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Valeur limite de longue dur\u00e9e (8 h)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Limite di lunga durata (8 h)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Langzeitgrenzwert (8 Std.)<\/span><\/th>\r\n<th><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Otros requisitos relevantes<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Other relevant requirements<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Autres exigences importantes<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Altri requisiti rilevanti<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Weitere wichtige Anforderungen<\/span><\/th>\r\n<\/tr><\/thead><tbody>\r\n<tr><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Cobalto y compuestos inorg\u00e1nicos de cobalto<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Cobalt and inorganic cobalt compounds<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Cobalt et compos\u00e9s inorganiques du cobalt<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Cobalto e composti inorganici del cobalto<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Kobalt und anorganische Kobaltverbindungen<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">0,01 mg\/m\u00b3, fracci\u00f3n inhalable; 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3, fracci\u00f3n respirable<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">0.01 mg\/m\u00b3, inhalable fraction; 0.0025 mg\/m\u00b3, respirable fraction<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">0,01 mg\/m\u00b3, fraction inhalable ; 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3, fraction alv\u00e9olaire<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">0,01 mg\/m\u00b3, frazione inalabile; 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3, frazione respirabile<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">0,01 mg\/m\u00b3, einatembare Fraktion; 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3, alveoleng\u00e4ngige Fraktion<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Sensibilizaci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea y respiratoria; valores transitorios hasta el 20 de noviembre de 2032<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Skin and respiratory sensitisation; transitional values until 20 November 2032<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Sensibilisation cutan\u00e9e et respiratoire ; valeurs transitoires jusqu\u2019au 20 novembre 2032<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Sensibilizzazione cutanea e respiratoria; valori transitori fino al 20 novembre 2032<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Sensibilisierung von Haut und Atemwegen; \u00dcbergangswerte bis zum 20. November 2032<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Mezclas de HAP incluidas en la Directiva<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">PAH mixtures covered by the Directive<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">M\u00e9langes de HAP couverts par la directive<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Miscele di IPA disciplinate dalla direttiva<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Von der Richtlinie erfasste PAK-Gemische<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3, medido como benzo[a]pireno<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">0.00007 mg\/m\u00b3, measured as benzo[a]pyrene<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3, mesur\u00e9 en benzo[a]pyr\u00e8ne<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3, misurato come benzo[a]pirene<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3, gemessen als Benzo[a]pyren<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Notaci\u00f3n de absorci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea; transici\u00f3n sectorial hasta el 20 de noviembre de 2033<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Skin-absorption notation; sector-specific transition until 20 November 2033<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Mention relative \u00e0 l\u2019absorption cutan\u00e9e ; transition sectorielle jusqu\u2019au 20 novembre 2033<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Indicazione di assorbimento cutaneo; transizione settoriale fino al 20 novembre 2033<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Kennzeichnung der Hautaufnahme; branchenspezifische \u00dcbergangsfrist bis zum 20. November 2033<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Isopreno<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Isoprene<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Isopr\u00e8ne<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Isoprene<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Isopren<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">8,5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">8.5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">8,5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">8,5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">8,5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Valor de larga duraci\u00f3n<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Long-term exposure limit<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Valeur limite de longue dur\u00e9e<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Valore limite di lunga durata<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Langzeitgrenzwert<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n<tr><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">1,4-dioxano<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">1,4-Dioxane<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">1,4-Dioxane<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">1,4-Diossano<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">1,4-Dioxan<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">7,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">7.3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">7,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">7,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">7,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/span><\/td><td><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Valor de corta duraci\u00f3n: 73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm); absorci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea y l\u00edmite biol\u00f3gico vinculante<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Short-term limit: 73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm); skin absorption and binding biological limit<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Valeur de courte dur\u00e9e : 73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm) ; absorption cutan\u00e9e et valeur limite biologique contraignante<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Limite a breve termine: 73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm); assorbimento cutaneo e limite biologico vincolante<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Kurzzeitgrenzwert: 73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm); Hautaufnahme und verbindlicher biologischer Grenzwert<\/span><\/td><\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"une-definitions-grid\">\r\n<div class=\"une-def-box\">\r\n<h3 class=\"kt-heading-3\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Seg\u00fan el <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Reglamento (CE) n.\u00ba 1272\/2008<\/a> (CLP)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">According to <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Regulation (EC) No 1272\/2008<\/a> (CLP)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Selon le <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">r\u00e8glement (CE) n\u00ba 1272\/2008<\/a> (CLP)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Secondo il <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">regolamento (CE) n. 1272\/2008<\/a> (CLP)<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Nach <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1272\/2008<\/a> (CLP)<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Agente carcin\u00f3geno<\/strong><\/a>: sustancia o mezcla clasificada como carcin\u00f3geno de categor\u00eda 1A o 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Carcinogenic agent<\/strong><\/a>: a substance or mixture classified as a category 1A or 1B carcinogen.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Agent canc\u00e9rog\u00e8ne<\/strong><\/a> : substance ou m\u00e9lange class\u00e9 canc\u00e9rog\u00e8ne de cat\u00e9gorie 1A ou 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Agente cancerogeno<\/strong><\/a>: sostanza o miscela classificata cancerogena di categoria 1A o 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Krebserzeugender Stoff<\/strong><\/a>: als Karzinogen der Kategorie 1A oder 1B eingestufter Stoff oder Gemisch.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>Agente mut\u00e1geno<\/strong>: sustancia o mezcla clasificada como mut\u00e1geno en c\u00e9lulas germinales de categor\u00eda 1A o 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>Mutagenic agent<\/strong>: a substance or mixture classified as a category 1A or 1B germ-cell mutagen.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>Agent mutag\u00e8ne<\/strong> : substance ou m\u00e9lange class\u00e9 mutag\u00e8ne pour les cellules germinales de cat\u00e9gorie 1A ou 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>Agente mutageno<\/strong>: sostanza o miscela classificata mutagena sulle cellule germinali di categoria 1A o 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>Keimzellmutagener Stoff<\/strong>: als Keimzellmutagen der Kategorie 1A oder 1B eingestufter Stoff oder Gemisch.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>Agente reprot\u00f3xico (t\u00f3xico para la reproducci\u00f3n)<\/strong>: sustancia o mezcla clasificada como t\u00f3xica para la reproducci\u00f3n de categor\u00eda 1A o 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>Reprotoxic agent<\/strong>: a substance or mixture classified as category 1A or 1B toxic to reproduction.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>Agent reprotoxique<\/strong> : substance ou m\u00e9lange class\u00e9 toxique pour la reproduction de cat\u00e9gorie 1A ou 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>Agente reprotossico<\/strong>: sostanza o miscela classificata tossica per la riproduzione di categoria 1A o 1B.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>Reproduktionstoxischer Stoff<\/strong>: als reproduktionstoxisch der Kategorie 1A oder 1B eingestufter Stoff oder Gemisch.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"une-def-box\">\r\n<h3 class=\"kt-heading-3\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Seg\u00fan el <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (INSST)<\/a><\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">According to Spain\u2019s <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">National Institute for Safety and Health at Work (INSST)<\/a><\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Selon l\u2019<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Institut national espagnol de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de sant\u00e9 au travail (INSST)<\/a><\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Secondo l\u2019<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Istituto nazionale spagnolo per la sicurezza e la salute sul lavoro (INSST)<\/a><\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Nach Angaben des spanischen <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Instituts f\u00fcr Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit (INSST)<\/a><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-ED\u00ae \u2014 Valor L\u00edmite Ambiental de Exposici\u00f3n Diaria<\/strong><\/a>: concentraci\u00f3n media del agente qu\u00edmico en el aire, ponderada en el tiempo para una jornada est\u00e1ndar de ocho horas diarias y cuarenta horas semanales.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-ED\u00ae \u2014 daily occupational exposure limit<\/strong><\/a>: the time-weighted average airborne concentration of a chemical agent for a standard eight-hour day and forty-hour week.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-ED\u00ae \u2014 valeur limite d\u2019exposition quotidienne<\/strong><\/a> : concentration moyenne d\u2019un agent chimique dans l\u2019air, pond\u00e9r\u00e9e sur une journ\u00e9e de huit heures et une semaine de quarante heures.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-ED\u00ae \u2014 valore limite di esposizione giornaliera<\/strong><\/a>: concentrazione media ponderata nel tempo di un agente chimico nell\u2019aria per otto ore al giorno e quaranta ore alla settimana.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-ED\u00ae \u2014 Grenzwert f\u00fcr die t\u00e4gliche Exposition<\/strong><\/a>: zeitgewichtete mittlere Luftkonzentration eines chemischen Stoffes bei acht Stunden t\u00e4glich und vierzig Stunden w\u00f6chentlich.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-EC\u00ae \u2014 Valor L\u00edmite Ambiental de Exposici\u00f3n de Corta Duraci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/a>: referencia para valorar exposiciones breves, con un per\u00edodo de ponderaci\u00f3n habitualmente de quince minutos.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-EC\u00ae \u2014 short-term occupational exposure limit<\/strong><\/a>: reference value for evaluating short exposures, normally with a fifteen-minute averaging period.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-EC\u00ae \u2014 valeur limite d\u2019exposition de courte dur\u00e9e<\/strong><\/a> : valeur de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour les expositions br\u00e8ves, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement moyenn\u00e9es sur quinze minutes.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-EC\u00ae \u2014 valore limite di esposizione a breve termine<\/strong><\/a>: riferimento per esposizioni brevi, normalmente ponderate su quindici minuti.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>VLA-EC\u00ae \u2014 Kurzzeitexpositionsgrenzwert<\/strong><\/a>: Bezugswert zur Bewertung kurzfristiger Expositionen, \u00fcblicherweise \u00fcber f\u00fcnfzehn Minuten gemittelt.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\r\n<section class=\"une-page-group une-page-group--separated une-text-columns\">\r\n<div class=\"une-column\">\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"cobalto\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Cobalto: controlar dos fracciones y la sensibilizaci\u00f3n<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Cobalt: monitor both particle fractions and sensitisation<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Cobalt : contr\u00f4ler deux fractions et la sensibilisation<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Cobalto: controllare due frazioni e la sensibilizzazione<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Kobalt: zwei Fraktionen und Sensibilisierung \u00fcberwachen<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Para el cobalto y sus compuestos inorg\u00e1nicos, la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva<\/a> fija <strong>0,01 mg\/m\u00b3 para la fracci\u00f3n inhalable y 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3 para la respirable<\/strong>. Durante el periodo transitorio se aplicar\u00e1n valores de <strong>0,02 y 0,0042 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong>, respectivamente. La diferencia entre ambos l\u00edmites no es un margen que permita elegir el resultado m\u00e1s favorable: la evaluaci\u00f3n debe determinar qu\u00e9 fracci\u00f3n representa el peligro del proceso y utilizar un m\u00e9todo de muestreo capaz de medirla.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">For cobalt and its inorganic compounds, the <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive<\/a> sets <strong>0.01 mg\/m\u00b3 for the inhalable fraction and 0.0025 mg\/m\u00b3 for the respirable fraction<\/strong>. The transitional values are <strong>0.02 and 0.0042 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong>, respectively. The two limits do not offer a choice of whichever result is more favourable: the risk assessment must identify the relevant aerosol fraction and use a sampling method able to measure it.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Pour le cobalt et ses compos\u00e9s inorganiques, la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive<\/a> fixe <strong>0,01 mg\/m\u00b3 pour la fraction inhalable et 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3 pour la fraction alv\u00e9olaire<\/strong>. Pendant la p\u00e9riode transitoire, les limites sont respectivement de <strong>0,02 et 0,0042 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong>. Ces deux valeurs ne permettent pas de retenir le r\u00e9sultat le plus favorable : l\u2019\u00e9valuation doit identifier la fraction pertinente et adopter la m\u00e9thode de pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement adapt\u00e9e.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Per il cobalto e i suoi composti inorganici, la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva<\/a> stabilisce <strong>0,01 mg\/m\u00b3 per la frazione inalabile e 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3 per quella respirabile<\/strong>. Nel periodo transitorio si applicano <strong>0,02 e 0,0042 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong>, rispettivamente. Non si pu\u00f2 scegliere il dato pi\u00f9 favorevole: la valutazione deve identificare la frazione pertinente e adottare un metodo di campionamento adeguato.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">F\u00fcr Kobalt und seine anorganischen Verbindungen legt die <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie<\/a> <strong>0,01 mg\/m\u00b3 f\u00fcr die einatembare und 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3 f\u00fcr die alveoleng\u00e4ngige Fraktion<\/strong> fest. W\u00e4hrend der \u00dcbergangsfrist gelten <strong>0,02 bzw. 0,0042 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong>. Es darf nicht einfach der g\u00fcnstigere Messwert ausgew\u00e4hlt werden: Die Gef\u00e4hrdungsbeurteilung muss die ma\u00dfgebliche Fraktion bestimmen und geeignete Probenahmeverfahren verwenden.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La norma incorpora adem\u00e1s la observaci\u00f3n de <strong>sensibilizaci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea y respiratoria<\/strong>. Por tanto, controlar solo la concentraci\u00f3n en aire puede resultar insuficiente.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The Directive also specifies <strong>skin and respiratory sensitisation<\/strong>. Monitoring airborne concentration alone may therefore be insufficient.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La directive mentionne \u00e9galement la <strong>sensibilisation cutan\u00e9e et respiratoire<\/strong>. La seule surveillance des concentrations dans l\u2019air peut donc s\u2019av\u00e9rer insuffisante.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La norma indica inoltre la <strong>sensibilizzazione cutanea e respiratoria<\/strong>. Il solo controllo della concentrazione nell\u2019aria pu\u00f2 pertanto non essere sufficiente.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die Vorschrift enth\u00e4lt zudem den Hinweis auf <strong>Sensibilisierung von Haut und Atemwegen<\/strong>. Die alleinige \u00dcberwachung der Luftkonzentration reicht daher m\u00f6glicherweise nicht aus.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La evaluaci\u00f3n debe considerar la deposici\u00f3n sobre la piel, la contaminaci\u00f3n de ropa y superficies, la transferencia mano-boca y la eficacia real de la higiene personal. Una instalaci\u00f3n con extracci\u00f3n localizada eficaz puede reducir la concentraci\u00f3n ambiental y, aun as\u00ed, mantener v\u00edas de exposici\u00f3n d\u00e9rmica por polvo depositado o por manipulaci\u00f3n de piezas y residuos contaminados.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The assessment should address skin deposition, contaminated clothing and surfaces, hand-to-mouth transfer, and the effectiveness of personal hygiene. Even efficient local exhaust ventilation may leave dermal exposure pathways open through deposited dust or the handling of contaminated components and waste.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">L\u2019\u00e9valuation doit prendre en compte les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts cutan\u00e9s, la contamination des v\u00eatements et des surfaces, les transferts main-bouche et l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 r\u00e9elle de l\u2019hygi\u00e8ne individuelle. Une aspiration \u00e0 la source efficace peut r\u00e9duire la pollution de l\u2019air sans \u00e9liminer l\u2019exposition cutan\u00e9e li\u00e9e aux poussi\u00e8res d\u00e9pos\u00e9es ou \u00e0 la manipulation de pi\u00e8ces et de d\u00e9chets contamin\u00e9s.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La valutazione deve considerare il deposito sulla pelle, la contaminazione di indumenti e superfici, il trasferimento mano-bocca e l\u2019efficacia dell\u2019igiene personale. Un\u2019aspirazione localizzata efficiente pu\u00f2 ridurre le concentrazioni aerodisperse senza eliminare l\u2019esposizione cutanea dovuta a polveri depositate o alla manipolazione di pezzi e rifiuti contaminati.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die Bewertung muss Hautablagerungen, verunreinigte Kleidung und Oberfl\u00e4chen, Hand-Mund-Kontakt sowie die tats\u00e4chliche Wirksamkeit der K\u00f6rperhygiene ber\u00fccksichtigen. Selbst eine wirksame \u00f6rtliche Absaugung kann die Luftkonzentration senken, w\u00e4hrend Hautkontakt durch abgelagerten Staub oder den Umgang mit belasteten Teilen und Abf\u00e4llen bestehen bleibt.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">El calendario transitorio no debe leerse como una autorizaci\u00f3n para mantener las concentraciones actuales durante seis a\u00f1os. Es una fase para adaptar los procesos al valor definitivo. En ingenier\u00eda, eso aconseja planificar las mejoras \u2014encapsulado, extracci\u00f3n, filtraci\u00f3n, limpieza y control de polvo\u2014 con suficiente antelaci\u00f3n, en vez de posponerlas hasta el final del plazo.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The transitional timetable is not permission to maintain current concentrations for six more years. It is time to adapt operations to the final limits. Engineering improvements\u2014enclosure, extraction, filtration, cleaning and dust control\u2014should be planned well before the deadline.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Le calendrier transitoire n\u2019autorise pas le maintien des concentrations actuelles pendant six ans. Il permet d\u2019adapter les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s aux valeurs d\u00e9finitives. Les am\u00e9liorations techniques \u2014 confinement, aspiration, filtration, nettoyage et ma\u00eetrise des poussi\u00e8res \u2014 doivent \u00eatre programm\u00e9es suffisamment t\u00f4t.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Il calendario transitorio non autorizza a mantenere le attuali concentrazioni per altri sei anni. Serve ad adeguare i processi ai valori definitivi. Le misure ingegneristiche \u2014 confinamento, aspirazione, filtrazione, pulizia e controllo delle polveri \u2014 vanno pianificate con largo anticipo.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die \u00dcbergangsfrist ist keine Erlaubnis, die bisherigen Konzentrationen noch sechs Jahre beizubehalten. Sie dient der Anpassung an die endg\u00fcltigen Werte. Technische Verbesserungen wie Einhausung, Absaugung, Filtration, Reinigung und Staubminderung sollten rechtzeitig geplant werden.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"hap\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">HAP: un valor muy bajo y una transici\u00f3n sectorial<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">PAHs: a very low limit and a sector-specific transition<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">HAP : une valeur tr\u00e8s basse et une transition sectorielle<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">IPA: un limite molto basso e una transizione settoriale<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">PAK: ein sehr niedriger Grenzwert mit branchenspezifischer \u00dcbergangsfrist<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Para las mezclas de hidrocarburos arom\u00e1ticos polic\u00edclicos incluidas en la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva<\/a>, el <strong>l\u00edmite es 0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3, medido como benzo[a]pireno<\/strong>. Esa concentraci\u00f3n equivale a 0,07 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3. El texto conserva la notaci\u00f3n de absorci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea y prev\u00e9 un valor transitorio de <strong>0,00014 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong> para sectores expresamente enumerados. El valor transitorio se mantiene hasta el 20 de noviembre de 2033 y no se extiende autom\u00e1ticamente a cualquier empresa que manipule materiales con HAP.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">For polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures covered by the <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive<\/a>, the <strong>limit is 0.00007 mg\/m\u00b3, measured as benzo[a]pyrene<\/strong> (0.07 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3). The skin notation remains, and a transitional value of <strong>0.00014 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong> applies only to expressly listed sectors until 20 November 2033. It is not automatically available to every company handling PAH-containing materials.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Pour les m\u00e9langes d\u2019hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques couverts par la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive<\/a>, la <strong>valeur limite est de 0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3, mesur\u00e9e en benzo[a]pyr\u00e8ne<\/strong>, soit 0,07 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3. La mention \u00ab peau \u00bb est maintenue et une valeur transitoire de <strong>0,00014 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong> est pr\u00e9vue pour des secteurs express\u00e9ment \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9s, jusqu\u2019au 20 novembre 2033. Elle ne s\u2019applique pas automatiquement \u00e0 toutes les entreprises manipulant des HAP.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Per le miscele di idrocarburi policiclici aromatici coperte dalla <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva<\/a>, il <strong>limite \u00e8 0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3, misurato come benzo[a]pirene<\/strong> (0,07 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3). Resta l\u2019indicazione relativa alla pelle e si prevede un valore transitorio di <strong>0,00014 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong> solo per i settori espressamente elencati, fino al 20 novembre 2033. L\u2019eccezione non si estende automaticamente a tutte le imprese che trattano IPA.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">F\u00fcr von der <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie<\/a> erfasste Gemische polyzyklischer aromatischer Kohlenwasserstoffe betr\u00e4gt der <strong>Grenzwert 0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3, gemessen als Benzo[a]pyren<\/strong> (0,07 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3). Der Hinweis auf Hautaufnahme bleibt bestehen. F\u00fcr ausdr\u00fccklich genannte Branchen gilt bis zum 20. November 2033 ein \u00dcbergangswert von <strong>0,00014 mg\/m\u00b3<\/strong>. Er gilt nicht automatisch f\u00fcr alle Betriebe, die PAK-haltige Materialien bearbeiten.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"une-column\">\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Entre las actividades que pueden acogerse al plazo figuran fundiciones de hierro y acero \u2014incluidos fabricantes de ferroaleaciones\u2014, producci\u00f3n de aluminio, fabricaci\u00f3n de carbono y grafito, coquer\u00edas, destilaci\u00f3n de alquitr\u00e1n de hulla, productos refractarios, soldadura de v\u00edas ferroviarias, determinados procesos metal\u00fargicos no f\u00e9rreos y fundici\u00f3n de metales.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Eligible activities include iron and steel foundries (including ferroalloy producers), aluminium production, carbon and graphite manufacturing, coke plants, coal-tar distillation, refractory products, railway-track welding, certain non-ferrous metallurgical processes and metal casting.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Les activit\u00e9s admissibles comprennent les fonderies de fer et d\u2019acier (y compris les fabricants de ferroalliages), la production d\u2019aluminium, la fabrication de carbone et de graphite, les cokeries, la distillation du goudron de houille, les produits r\u00e9fractaires, le soudage des rails, certains proc\u00e9d\u00e9s m\u00e9tallurgiques non ferreux et la fonderie de m\u00e9taux.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Tra le attivit\u00e0 ammesse figurano fonderie di ferro e acciaio (compresi i produttori di ferroleghe), produzione di alluminio, fabbricazione di carbonio e grafite, cokerie, distillazione del catrame di carbone, prodotti refrattari, saldatura dei binari ferroviari, alcuni processi metallurgici non ferrosi e fonderie di metalli.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Zu den beg\u00fcnstigten T\u00e4tigkeiten z\u00e4hlen Eisen- und Stahlgie\u00dfereien (einschlie\u00dflich Ferrolegierungshersteller), Aluminium-, Kohlenstoff- und Graphitherstellung, Kokereien, Steinkohlenteerdestillation, feuerfeste Erzeugnisse, Schienenschwei\u00dfen, bestimmte Nichteisenmetallurgie-Verfahren und Metallgie\u00dfereien.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La empresa deber\u00e1 comprobar que su proceso coincide realmente con una de las categor\u00edas descritas; la semejanza gen\u00e9rica con una actividad metal\u00fargica no basta para aplicar la excepci\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">A company must verify that its actual process falls within one of the listed categories. A general resemblance to a metallurgical activity is not sufficient to claim the exception.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">L\u2019entreprise doit v\u00e9rifier que son proc\u00e9d\u00e9 rel\u00e8ve effectivement de l\u2019une des cat\u00e9gories cit\u00e9es ; une simple similitude avec une activit\u00e9 m\u00e9tallurgique ne suffit pas \u00e0 b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de l\u2019exception.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">L\u2019impresa deve verificare che il processo rientri effettivamente in una delle categorie previste; una somiglianza generica con un\u2019attivit\u00e0 metallurgica non basta per usufruire dell\u2019eccezione.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Der Betrieb muss nachweisen, dass sein Verfahren tats\u00e4chlich einer der genannten Kategorien entspricht; eine allgemeine \u00c4hnlichkeit mit metallurgischen T\u00e4tigkeiten gen\u00fcgt nicht.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">En estos procesos, la dificultad anal\u00edtica y el nivel bajo del l\u00edmite obligan a dise\u00f1ar la campa\u00f1a de medici\u00f3n con cuidado. Deben definirse el agente de referencia, la fracci\u00f3n o matriz de muestreo pertinente, la duraci\u00f3n, la ubicaci\u00f3n de la toma y las operaciones que coinciden con la mayor emisi\u00f3n. Medir una tarea breve y limpia no representa necesariamente una jornada con apertura de hornos, manipulaci\u00f3n de alquitr\u00e1n, carga de material o limpieza de dep\u00f3sitos.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">These processes require carefully designed measurement campaigns because the limit is very low and analytical determination is challenging. The reference agent, sampling fraction or medium, duration, location and highest-emission operations all matter. Sampling a short, clean task may not represent a shift involving furnace opening, tar handling, material charging or deposit cleaning.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Le faible niveau du seuil et les difficult\u00e9s analytiques exigent des campagnes de mesurage soigneusement con\u00e7ues. Il faut pr\u00e9ciser l\u2019agent de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, la fraction ou la matrice pr\u00e9lev\u00e9e, la dur\u00e9e, l\u2019emplacement et les op\u00e9rations les plus \u00e9missives. Une t\u00e2che courte et propre ne repr\u00e9sente pas forc\u00e9ment une journ\u00e9e comprenant l\u2019ouverture de fours, la manipulation de goudron, le chargement de mati\u00e8res ou le nettoyage des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Il valore molto basso e le difficolt\u00e0 analitiche impongono campagne di misurazione ben progettate. Occorre definire l\u2019agente di riferimento, la frazione o matrice da campionare, durata, posizione e operazioni con le maggiori emissioni. Una breve operazione pulita non rappresenta necessariamente un turno che comprenda apertura dei forni, manipolazione del catrame, carico dei materiali o pulizia dei depositi.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Wegen des niedrigen Grenzwerts und der analytischen Anforderungen m\u00fcssen Messkampagnen sorgf\u00e4ltig geplant werden. Festzulegen sind Referenzstoff, Probenfraktion bzw. -medium, Dauer, Messort und besonders emissionsintensive T\u00e4tigkeiten. Die Messung einer kurzen, sauberen Arbeit ist nicht unbedingt repr\u00e4sentativ f\u00fcr eine Schicht mit Ofen\u00f6ffnung, Teerhandhabung, Materialbeschickung oder R\u00fcckstandsreinigung.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"isopreno-dioxano\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Isopreno y 1,4-dioxano: exposici\u00f3n ambiental y biol\u00f3gica<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Isoprene and 1,4-dioxane: airborne and biological exposure<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Isopr\u00e8ne et 1,4-dioxane : exposition atmosph\u00e9rique et biologique<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Isoprene e 1,4-diossano: esposizione ambientale e biologica<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Isopren und 1,4-Dioxan: Luftbelastung und biologische Exposition<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva<\/a> establece para el <strong>isopreno un valor de 8,5 mg\/m\u00b3, equivalente a 3 ppm<\/strong>, como media de ocho horas. La incorporaci\u00f3n responde a la decisi\u00f3n de fijar un l\u00edmite vinculante a escala europea, aunque la propuesta inicial de la Comisi\u00f3n no lo incluyera. La presencia del l\u00edmite obliga a integrar el isopreno en la identificaci\u00f3n de peligros cuando se utilice o genere en procesos industriales pertinentes, y a comprobar si las mediciones representativas reflejan las tareas de mayor exposici\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">For <strong>isoprene<\/strong>, the <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive<\/a> sets an eight-hour limit of <strong>8.5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/strong>. This binding European value was added even though the Commission\u2019s initial proposal did not include it. Facilities using or generating isoprene in relevant processes must identify it as a hazard and verify that representative measurements cover the highest-exposure tasks.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Pour l\u2019<strong>isopr\u00e8ne<\/strong>, la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive<\/a> fixe une valeur limite sur huit heures de <strong>8,5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/strong>. Cette valeur contraignante europ\u00e9enne a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9e alors que la proposition initiale de la Commission ne la pr\u00e9voyait pas. Les installations utilisant ou produisant de l\u2019isopr\u00e8ne doivent l\u2019int\u00e9grer \u00e0 l\u2019identification des dangers et mesurer les t\u00e2ches les plus exposantes.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Per l\u2019<strong>isoprene<\/strong>, la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva<\/a> fissa una media su otto ore di <strong>8,5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/strong>. Il limite vincolante europeo \u00e8 stato inserito bench\u00e9 non fosse previsto nella proposta iniziale della Commissione. Gli impianti che usano o generano isoprene devono includerlo nell\u2019individuazione dei pericoli e verificare che le misure coprano le attivit\u00e0 pi\u00f9 esposte.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">F\u00fcr <strong>Isopren<\/strong> legt die <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie<\/a> einen Acht-Stunden-Grenzwert von <strong>8,5 mg\/m\u00b3 (3 ppm)<\/strong> fest. Dieser verbindliche EU-Wert wurde aufgenommen, obwohl er im urspr\u00fcnglichen Kommissionsvorschlag fehlte. Betriebe, die Isopren verwenden oder freisetzen, m\u00fcssen den Stoff in der Gefahrenermittlung ber\u00fccksichtigen und Messungen auf T\u00e4tigkeiten mit hoher Exposition ausrichten.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Para el <strong>1,4-dioxano<\/strong>, el valor de larga duraci\u00f3n es <strong>7,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/strong> y el valor de corta duraci\u00f3n alcanza <strong>73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm)<\/strong>. El l\u00edmite breve est\u00e1 destinado a controlar episodios de exposici\u00f3n elevada que una media de ocho horas podr\u00eda ocultar. La notaci\u00f3n de absorci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea indica que la v\u00eda d\u00e9rmica tambi\u00e9n requiere atenci\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">For <strong>1,4-dioxane<\/strong>, the long-term limit is <strong>7.3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/strong>, and the short-term limit is <strong>73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm)<\/strong>. The latter addresses high-exposure episodes that an eight-hour average might conceal. The skin notation means dermal absorption must also be controlled.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Pour le <strong>1,4-dioxane<\/strong>, la limite de longue dur\u00e9e est de <strong>7,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/strong> et la limite de courte dur\u00e9e de <strong>73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm)<\/strong>. Cette derni\u00e8re vise les pics d\u2019exposition qu\u2019une moyenne sur huit heures pourrait masquer. La mention \u00ab peau \u00bb impose aussi une attention particuli\u00e8re \u00e0 l\u2019absorption cutan\u00e9e.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Per l\u2019<strong>1,4-diossano<\/strong>, il limite di lunga durata \u00e8 <strong>7,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/strong> e quello a breve termine <strong>73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm)<\/strong>. Quest\u2019ultimo serve a controllare i picchi che una media sulle otto ore potrebbe nascondere. L\u2019indicazione cutanea richiede anche il controllo dell\u2019assorbimento attraverso la pelle.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">F\u00fcr <strong>1,4-Dioxan<\/strong> betr\u00e4gt der Langzeitgrenzwert <strong>7,3 mg\/m\u00b3 (2 ppm)<\/strong> und der Kurzzeitgrenzwert <strong>73 mg\/m\u00b3 (20 ppm)<\/strong>. Der Kurzzeitwert soll Expositionsspitzen erfassen, die im Acht-Stunden-Mittel verborgen bleiben k\u00f6nnen. Der Hautvermerk macht deutlich, dass auch die dermale Aufnahme zu beachten ist.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La vigilancia no termina con la medici\u00f3n del aire. La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva<\/a> incorpora un <strong>valor l\u00edmite biol\u00f3gico vinculante de 45 mg de HEAA \u2014\u00e1cido (2-hidroxietoxi)ac\u00e9tico\u2014 por gramo de creatinina en orina<\/strong>. La muestra debe tomarse al final de la exposici\u00f3n o del turno, de acuerdo con la legislaci\u00f3n o la pr\u00e1ctica nacional. El control biol\u00f3gico integra la absorci\u00f3n por distintas v\u00edas y complementa el muestreo ambiental, pero no lo sustituye: responde a una pregunta diferente y requiere coordinaci\u00f3n con los servicios de prevenci\u00f3n y vigilancia de la salud.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Air sampling is not the end of monitoring. The <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive<\/a> introduces a <strong>binding biological limit of 45 mg of HEAA (2-hydroxyethoxyacetic acid) per gram of urinary creatinine<\/strong>. Samples must be collected at the end of exposure or the shift in accordance with national law or practice. Biomonitoring reflects uptake through multiple routes and complements, rather than replaces, air sampling; it requires coordination with occupational health and prevention services.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La surveillance ne s\u2019arr\u00eate pas au pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement d\u2019air. La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive<\/a> introduit une <strong>valeur limite biologique contraignante de 45 mg d\u2019HEAA (acide 2-hydroxy\u00e9thoxyac\u00e9tique) par gramme de cr\u00e9atinine urinaire<\/strong>. L\u2019\u00e9chantillon est pr\u00e9lev\u00e9 en fin d\u2019exposition ou de poste conform\u00e9ment au droit ou aux pratiques nationales. La surveillance biologique int\u00e8gre les diff\u00e9rentes voies d\u2019absorption et compl\u00e8te les mesurages atmosph\u00e9riques, sans s\u2019y substituer.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Il monitoraggio non si conclude con il campionamento dell\u2019aria. La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva<\/a> introduce un <strong>limite biologico vincolante di 45 mg di HEAA (acido 2-idrossietossiacetico) per grammo di creatinina urinaria<\/strong>. Il campione va raccolto alla fine dell\u2019esposizione o del turno, secondo la normativa o le prassi nazionali. Il monitoraggio biologico integra l\u2019assorbimento attraverso pi\u00f9 vie e completa, ma non sostituisce, le misure ambientali.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die \u00dcberwachung endet nicht bei der Luftmessung. Die <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie<\/a> f\u00fchrt einen <strong>verbindlichen biologischen Grenzwert von 45 mg HEAA (2-Hydroxyethoxyessigs\u00e4ure) je Gramm Kreatinin im Urin<\/strong> ein. Die Probe wird gem\u00e4\u00df nationalem Recht oder nationaler Praxis am Ende der Exposition bzw. Schicht entnommen. Biomonitoring erfasst die Aufnahme \u00fcber mehrere Wege und erg\u00e4nzt die Luftmessung, ohne diese zu ersetzen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/section>\r\n<section class=\"une-page-group une-page-group--separated une-text-columns\">\r\n<div class=\"une-column\">\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"soldadura\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Humos de soldadura: el proceso entra expresamente en el anexo I<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Welding fumes: the process is expressly included in Annex I<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Fum\u00e9es de soudage : le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 entre express\u00e9ment dans l\u2019annexe I<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Fumi di saldatura: il processo entra espressamente nell\u2019allegato I<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Schwei\u00dfrauche: Verfahren ausdr\u00fccklich in Anhang I aufgenommen<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La modificaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s visible desde el punto de vista operativo es la inclusi\u00f3n en el anexo I de los trabajos que impliquen exposici\u00f3n a humos procedentes de procesos de soldadura cuando contengan sustancias o mezclas que cumplan los criterios de clasificaci\u00f3n como carcin\u00f3genas, mut\u00e1genas o t\u00f3xicas para la reproducci\u00f3n de categor\u00eda 1A o 1B conforme al <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Reglamento CLP<\/a>.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The most visible operational change is the inclusion in Annex I of work involving exposure to welding-process fumes containing substances or mixtures that meet the criteria for category 1A or 1B carcinogenicity, mutagenicity or reproductive toxicity under the <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">CLP Regulation<\/a>.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Le changement op\u00e9rationnel le plus visible est l\u2019inscription \u00e0 l\u2019annexe I des travaux exposant \u00e0 des fum\u00e9es de soudage contenant des substances ou m\u00e9langes r\u00e9pondant aux crit\u00e8res de classification en cat\u00e9gorie 1A ou 1B comme canc\u00e9rog\u00e8nes, mutag\u00e8nes ou toxiques pour la reproduction selon le <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">r\u00e8glement CLP<\/a>.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La modifica operativa pi\u00f9 evidente \u00e8 l\u2019inserimento nell\u2019allegato I dei lavori che comportano l\u2019esposizione a fumi di saldatura contenenti sostanze o miscele classificate cancerogene, mutagene o tossiche per la riproduzione di categoria 1A o 1B secondo il <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">regolamento CLP<\/a>.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die wichtigste operative \u00c4nderung ist die Aufnahme von Arbeiten mit Schwei\u00dfrauchexposition in Anhang I, sofern die Rauchbestandteile die Einstufungskriterien f\u00fcr krebserzeugende, mutagene oder reproduktionstoxische Stoffe bzw. Gemische der Kategorien 1A oder 1B nach der <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">CLP-Verordnung<\/a> erf\u00fcllen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">En t\u00e9rminos de ingenier\u00eda, una evaluaci\u00f3n \u00fatil debe partir del proceso real y de los materiales realmente utilizados. La ficha de seguridad del consumible no siempre describe por s\u00ed sola la composici\u00f3n del humo generado: parte de los contaminantes surge por transformaci\u00f3n t\u00e9rmica, oxidaci\u00f3n o reacci\u00f3n de los materiales durante la soldadura. Por ello, conviene revisar consumibles y sustratos, recubrimientos y tratamientos superficiales, condiciones de trabajo, frecuencia de uso y eficacia del sistema de captaci\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">An engineering assessment must start with the actual process and materials. A consumable\u2019s safety data sheet does not necessarily describe the resulting fume: some pollutants arise through heat-induced transformations, oxidation or reactions during welding. Consumables, base materials, coatings, surface treatments, working conditions, frequency and extraction performance should therefore all be reviewed.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">L\u2019\u00e9valuation technique doit partir du proc\u00e9d\u00e9 r\u00e9el et des mat\u00e9riaux effectivement utilis\u00e9s. La fiche de donn\u00e9es de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u2019un consommable ne d\u00e9crit pas n\u00e9cessairement les fum\u00e9es produites : certains polluants se forment par transformation thermique, oxydation ou r\u00e9action pendant le soudage. Il faut donc examiner les consommables, les supports, les rev\u00eatements, les traitements de surface, les conditions de travail, la fr\u00e9quence d\u2019utilisation et l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 du captage.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La valutazione tecnica deve partire dal processo reale e dai materiali effettivamente usati. La scheda di sicurezza del materiale di consumo non descrive sempre la composizione dei fumi generati: alcune sostanze si formano per trasformazione termica, ossidazione o reazione durante la saldatura. Occorre quindi esaminare materiali d\u2019apporto e di base, rivestimenti, trattamenti superficiali, condizioni operative, frequenza e prestazioni dell\u2019aspirazione.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Eine technische Beurteilung muss vom tats\u00e4chlichen Verfahren und den eingesetzten Werkstoffen ausgehen. Das Sicherheitsdatenblatt eines Zusatzwerkstoffs beschreibt nicht zwangsl\u00e4ufig den entstehenden Rauch: Schadstoffe k\u00f6nnen durch Hitze, Oxidation oder chemische Reaktionen gebildet werden. Zusatz- und Grundwerkstoffe, Beschichtungen, Oberfl\u00e4chenbehandlungen, Arbeitsbedingungen, H\u00e4ufigkeit und Absaugwirksamkeit sind zu pr\u00fcfen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La primera medida t\u00e9cnica suele consistir en capturar el contaminante cerca del arco. La extracci\u00f3n localizada reduce la cantidad de humo que atraviesa la zona respiratoria antes de diluirse en el local. Su rendimiento depende de la posici\u00f3n de la boca de captaci\u00f3n, la distancia al arco, las corrientes cruzadas, la movilidad de la pieza y la geometr\u00eda de la operaci\u00f3n. Una campana alejada, mal orientada o interferida por corrientes de aire puede ofrecer un caudal nominal elevado sin controlar la exposici\u00f3n en el punto de generaci\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The first technical measure is often capturing the pollutant close to the arc. Local exhaust ventilation reduces the amount of fume passing through the breathing zone before it disperses. Performance depends on hood position, distance from the arc, cross-drafts, workpiece movement and process geometry. A remote or poorly oriented hood may have a high nominal airflow while failing to control exposure at its source.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La premi\u00e8re mesure technique consiste g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 capter le polluant pr\u00e8s de l\u2019arc. L\u2019aspiration localis\u00e9e r\u00e9duit les fum\u00e9es traversant la zone respiratoire avant leur dilution. Son efficacit\u00e9 d\u00e9pend de la position de la bouche, de la distance \u00e0 l\u2019arc, des courants d\u2019air transversaux, de la mobilit\u00e9 de la pi\u00e8ce et de la g\u00e9om\u00e9trie du travail. Une hotte \u00e9loign\u00e9e ou mal orient\u00e9e peut afficher un d\u00e9bit important sans ma\u00eetriser l\u2019exposition \u00e0 la source.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La prima misura tecnica consiste generalmente nel captare l\u2019inquinante vicino all\u2019arco. L\u2019aspirazione localizzata riduce il fumo che attraversa la zona respiratoria prima che si diffonda. L\u2019efficacia dipende da posizione della bocca, distanza dall\u2019arco, correnti trasversali, movimento del pezzo e geometria dell\u2019operazione. Una cappa lontana o mal orientata pu\u00f2 avere un\u2019elevata portata nominale senza controllare l\u2019esposizione alla fonte.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die erste technische Ma\u00dfnahme ist meist die Erfassung des Schadstoffs unmittelbar am Lichtbogen. \u00d6rtliche Absaugung verringert den Rauchdurchtritt durch den Atembereich vor der Verd\u00fcnnung im Raum. Entscheidend sind Erfassungspunkt, Abstand, Querstr\u00f6mungen, Werkst\u00fcckbewegung und Verfahrensgeometrie. Eine weit entfernte oder falsch ausgerichtete Haube kann trotz hohem Nennvolumenstrom an der Quelle unwirksam sein.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>La ventilaci\u00f3n general conserva un papel complementario: evita acumulaciones y gestiona la carga residual una vez capturado el contaminante en origen.<\/strong> No deber\u00eda utilizarse como sustituto autom\u00e1tico de la extracci\u00f3n localizada, especialmente cuando se trabaja con agentes CMR o cuando la emisi\u00f3n se produce junto a la cara del soldador. Tampoco basta con instalar un equipo de extracci\u00f3n y darlo por eficaz. Hay que verificar caudales, velocidades de captura cuando proceda, estado de filtros, p\u00e9rdidas de carga, alarmas, mantenimiento y condiciones de uso; y comprobar el resultado mediante evaluaci\u00f3n de exposici\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>General ventilation is complementary: it prevents build-up and handles residual pollution after source capture.<\/strong> It must not automatically replace local extraction, especially with CMR agents or emissions close to the welder\u2019s face. Installing an extractor is not, by itself, proof of effectiveness. Airflow, capture velocity where relevant, filter condition, pressure drops, alarms, maintenance and real operating conditions must be verified against exposure results.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>La ventilation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale est compl\u00e9mentaire : elle \u00e9vite les accumulations et traite la pollution r\u00e9siduelle apr\u00e8s captage \u00e0 la source.<\/strong> Elle ne remplace pas automatiquement l\u2019aspiration localis\u00e9e, surtout pour les agents CMR ou lorsque les fum\u00e9es sont \u00e9mises pr\u00e8s du visage du soudeur. La seule pr\u00e9sence d\u2019un extracteur ne prouve pas son efficacit\u00e9. Il faut v\u00e9rifier d\u00e9bits, vitesses de captage, filtres, pertes de charge, alarmes, entretien et conditions r\u00e9elles, puis confirmer par l\u2019\u00e9valuation de l\u2019exposition.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>La ventilazione generale \u00e8 complementare: evita accumuli e gestisce l\u2019inquinamento residuo dopo la captazione alla fonte.<\/strong> Non deve sostituire automaticamente l\u2019aspirazione localizzata, soprattutto con agenti CMR o emissioni vicine al volto del saldatore. Installare un aspiratore non ne dimostra l\u2019efficacia. Occorre verificare portate, velocit\u00e0 di captazione, filtri, perdite di carico, allarmi, manutenzione e condizioni d\u2019uso, con riscontro mediante misure di esposizione.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>Die allgemeine L\u00fcftung hat eine erg\u00e4nzende Funktion: Sie verhindert Anreicherungen und f\u00fchrt die Restbelastung nach der Quellenerfassung ab.<\/strong> Sie darf die \u00f6rtliche Absaugung nicht pauschal ersetzen, insbesondere bei CMR-Stoffen oder Emissionen nahe dem Gesicht. Der blo\u00dfe Einbau eines Absaugsystems beweist keine Wirksamkeit. Volumenstr\u00f6me, Erfassungsgeschwindigkeiten, Filterzustand, Druckverluste, Warnmeldungen, Wartung und Betriebsbedingungen m\u00fcssen \u00fcberpr\u00fcft und anhand der Exposition bewertet werden.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"une-column\">\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"metodologia\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Evaluaci\u00f3n, medici\u00f3n y control: una secuencia de trabajo<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Assessment, measurement and control: a workflow<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">\u00c9valuation, mesurage et pr\u00e9vention : une m\u00e9thode<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Valutazione, misurazione e controllo: una sequenza operativa<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Beurteilung, Messung und Schutz: ein Arbeitsablauf<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva<\/a> fija obligaciones y l\u00edmites; la empresa debe traducirlos a controles aplicables a cada puesto y tarea. Una secuencia t\u00e9cnicamente defendible puede organizarse as\u00ed:<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive<\/a> establishes duties and limits; companies must translate them into practical controls for each workplace and task. A technically sound workflow may be organised as follows:<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive<\/a> fixe des obligations et des limites ; l\u2019entreprise doit les traduire en mesures applicables \u00e0 chaque poste et t\u00e2che. Une d\u00e9marche techniquement solide peut \u00eatre organis\u00e9e ainsi :<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva<\/a> stabilisce obblighi e limiti; l\u2019impresa deve trasformarli in controlli applicabili a ogni postazione e mansione. Una sequenza tecnicamente solida pu\u00f2 essere la seguente:<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie<\/a> legt Pflichten und Grenzwerte fest; Unternehmen m\u00fcssen sie in konkrete Ma\u00dfnahmen je Arbeitsplatz und T\u00e4tigkeit \u00fcbersetzen. Ein fachlich belastbarer Ablauf kann so aussehen:<\/span><\/p>\r\n<ol class=\"une-prose-list\">\r\n<li><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>Identificar sustancias y procesos.<\/strong> Revisar inventario de productos, fichas de datos de seguridad, materias primas, consumibles, recubrimientos y sustancias generadas por el proceso. La evaluaci\u00f3n debe contemplar sustancias presentes como impurezas o generadas por calentamiento, combusti\u00f3n o mecanizado.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>Identify substances and processes.<\/strong> Review inventories, safety data sheets, raw materials, consumables, coatings and process-generated substances. Include impurities and substances formed by heating, combustion or machining.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>Identifier substances et proc\u00e9d\u00e9s.<\/strong> Examiner inventaires, fiches de donn\u00e9es de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, consommables, rev\u00eatements et substances g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par le proc\u00e9d\u00e9. Tenir compte des impuret\u00e9s et des substances cr\u00e9\u00e9es par chauffage, combustion ou usinage.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>Individuare sostanze e processi.<\/strong> Esaminare inventari, schede di sicurezza, materie prime, materiali di consumo, rivestimenti e sostanze generate. Considerare impurit\u00e0 e sostanze formate da riscaldamento, combustione o lavorazione meccanica.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>Stoffe und Verfahren identifizieren.<\/strong> Bestandslisten, Sicherheitsdatenbl\u00e4tter, Rohstoffe, Zusatzstoffe, Beschichtungen und entstehende Stoffe pr\u00fcfen. Verunreinigungen und Stoffe aus Erw\u00e4rmung, Verbrennung oder Bearbeitung ber\u00fccksichtigen.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>Caracterizar tareas y grupos de exposici\u00f3n.<\/strong> Agrupar puestos solo cuando las operaciones, materiales, duraci\u00f3n, condiciones de ventilaci\u00f3n y patrones de trabajo sean comparables. Los periodos de mantenimiento, limpieza, cambio de filtros y retirada de residuos pueden generar perfiles de exposici\u00f3n distintos de la operaci\u00f3n normal.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>Characterise tasks and exposure groups.<\/strong> Combine jobs only when operations, materials, duration, ventilation and working patterns are comparable. Maintenance, cleaning, filter changes and waste removal may create different exposure profiles.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>Caract\u00e9riser t\u00e2ches et groupes d\u2019exposition.<\/strong> Regrouper les postes seulement si op\u00e9rations, mat\u00e9riaux, dur\u00e9e, ventilation et modes de travail sont comparables. Entretien, nettoyage, remplacement des filtres et enl\u00e8vement des d\u00e9chets peuvent produire des profils tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rents.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>Caratterizzare attivit\u00e0 e gruppi di esposizione.<\/strong> Riunire le postazioni solo se operazioni, materiali, durata, ventilazione e modalit\u00e0 di lavoro sono confrontabili. Manutenzione, pulizia, sostituzione dei filtri e smaltimento dei rifiuti possono avere profili diversi.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>T\u00e4tigkeiten und Expositionsgruppen charakterisieren.<\/strong> Arbeitspl\u00e4tze nur bei vergleichbaren Abl\u00e4ufen, Materialien, Dauern, L\u00fcftungsbedingungen und Arbeitsmustern zusammenfassen. Wartung, Reinigung, Filterwechsel und Abfallentsorgung k\u00f6nnen andere Expositionsprofile haben.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>Seleccionar el objetivo de medici\u00f3n.<\/strong> Determinar si se necesita medir fracci\u00f3n inhalable, respirable, concentraci\u00f3n de vapor, exposici\u00f3n de corta duraci\u00f3n o indicador biol\u00f3gico. El instrumento y el m\u00e9todo anal\u00edtico deben corresponder al agente y al l\u00edmite regulatorio; un resultado sin identificaci\u00f3n de la fracci\u00f3n o del tiempo de referencia puede inducir a conclusiones err\u00f3neas.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>Select the measurement target.<\/strong> Decide whether to monitor inhalable or respirable fractions, vapour, short-term exposure or biological markers. Instruments and analytical methods must match the agent and legal limit; results without a defined fraction or reference period can be misleading.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>Choisir la cible de mesurage.<\/strong> D\u00e9terminer s\u2019il faut mesurer la fraction inhalable ou alv\u00e9olaire, la vapeur, les expositions de courte dur\u00e9e ou un indicateur biologique. Appareils et m\u00e9thodes doivent correspondre \u00e0 l\u2019agent et \u00e0 sa limite ; une fraction ou dur\u00e9e non pr\u00e9cis\u00e9e peut fausser les conclusions.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>Selezionare l\u2019obiettivo di misurazione.<\/strong> Stabilire se misurare la frazione inalabile o respirabile, i vapori, l\u2019esposizione a breve termine o un indicatore biologico. Strumenti e metodi devono corrispondere all\u2019agente e al limite; senza frazione e periodo di riferimento il dato pu\u00f2 essere fuorviante.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>Messziel festlegen.<\/strong> Bestimmen, ob einatembare oder alveoleng\u00e4ngige Fraktion, Dampfkonzentration, Kurzzeitexposition oder biologische Marker zu messen sind. Verfahren m\u00fcssen zum Stoff und Grenzwert passen; ohne definierte Fraktion und Bezugszeit sind Ergebnisse irref\u00fchrend.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>Aplicar medidas por jerarqu\u00eda preventiva.<\/strong> Valorar sustituci\u00f3n, modificaci\u00f3n del proceso, encapsulado y captaci\u00f3n localizada antes de confiar en medidas administrativas o equipos de protecci\u00f3n individual. El EPI puede ser necesario para exposiciones residuales, mantenimiento o tareas no rutinarias, pero requiere selecci\u00f3n, ajuste, formaci\u00f3n, mantenimiento y condiciones que aseguren su uso efectivo.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>Apply the hierarchy of controls.<\/strong> Consider substitution, process changes, enclosure and local exhaust ventilation before administrative measures or personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE may be needed for residual exposure, maintenance or non-routine tasks, but requires correct selection, fit, training, maintenance and use.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>Appliquer la hi\u00e9rarchie des mesures.<\/strong> Privil\u00e9gier substitution, modification du proc\u00e9d\u00e9, confinement et aspiration \u00e0 la source avant les mesures organisationnelles ou \u00e9quipements de protection individuelle (EPI). Les EPI peuvent rester n\u00e9cessaires, mais exigent choix appropri\u00e9, ajustement, formation, entretien et utilisation effective.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>Applicare la gerarchia delle misure.<\/strong> Valutare sostituzione, modifiche di processo, confinamento e aspirazione localizzata prima delle misure amministrative o dei dispositivi di protezione individuale (DPI). I DPI possono essere necessari, ma richiedono scelta, adattamento, formazione, manutenzione e uso corretto.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>Schutzma\u00dfnahmen hierarchisch umsetzen.<\/strong> Substitution, Verfahrens\u00e4nderung, Einhausung und \u00f6rtliche Absaugung vor organisatorischen Ma\u00dfnahmen oder pers\u00f6nlicher Schutzausr\u00fcstung (PSA) pr\u00fcfen. PSA kann bei Restexposition oder Sonderarbeiten n\u00f6tig sein, erfordert aber passende Auswahl, Sitz, Unterweisung, Wartung und Anwendung.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<li><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>Verificar y mantener.<\/strong> Repetir la evaluaci\u00f3n cuando cambien materiales, par\u00e1metros, caudales, distribuci\u00f3n, turnos o equipos; cuando la vigilancia de la salud o los resultados de medici\u00f3n indiquen insuficiencia; y despu\u00e9s de modificaciones relevantes. La medici\u00f3n puntual no demuestra el control permanente de un proceso variable.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>Verify and maintain.<\/strong> Reassess after changes to materials, settings, airflow, layout, shifts or equipment, when health surveillance or monitoring reveals shortcomings, and following material modifications. A single measurement does not prove sustained control of a variable process.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>V\u00e9rifier et maintenir.<\/strong> R\u00e9\u00e9valuer apr\u00e8s changement de mat\u00e9riaux, param\u00e8tres, d\u00e9bits, implantation, \u00e9quipes ou \u00e9quipements, en cas de r\u00e9sultats ou de surveillance m\u00e9dicale d\u00e9favorables, et apr\u00e8s toute modification importante. Une mesure ponctuelle ne d\u00e9montre pas la ma\u00eetrise durable d\u2019un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 variable.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>Verificare e mantenere.<\/strong> Ripetere la valutazione se cambiano materiali, parametri, portate, disposizione, turni o apparecchiature, quando i risultati o la sorveglianza sanitaria segnalano carenze e dopo modifiche rilevanti. Una misura isolata non dimostra il controllo costante di un processo variabile.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>Wirksamkeit pr\u00fcfen und erhalten.<\/strong> Bei \u00c4nderungen von Materialien, Parametern, Luftmengen, Layout, Schichten oder Anlagen sowie bei auff\u00e4lligen Mess- oder Gesundheitsbefunden erneut bewerten. Eine Einzelmessung belegt keine dauerhafte Beherrschung eines ver\u00e4nderlichen Prozesses.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol><\/div><\/section>\r\n<section class=\"une-page-group une-page-group--separated une-text-columns\">\r\n<div class=\"une-column\">\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">En el caso de los humos de soldadura, esta secuencia exige integrar extracci\u00f3n, reposici\u00f3n de aire y organizaci\u00f3n del espacio. La extracci\u00f3n localizada puede afectar la protecci\u00f3n gaseosa de la soldadura o alterar el confort t\u00e9rmico; aumentar caudal sin estudiar las corrientes puede crear turbulencias y dispersar contaminante. El dise\u00f1o debe compatibilizar captura efectiva, calidad del cord\u00f3n, seguridad del proceso y condiciones ambientales del puesto.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">For welding fumes, the workflow must integrate extraction, make-up air and workspace layout. Local extraction may disturb the welding shielding gas or thermal comfort; increasing airflow without analysing currents can create turbulence and spread pollution. Design must balance effective capture, weld quality, process safety and workplace conditions.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Pour les fum\u00e9es de soudage, cette m\u00e9thode doit int\u00e9grer l\u2019aspiration, l\u2019apport d\u2019air neuf et l\u2019organisation de l\u2019espace. L\u2019aspiration peut perturber le gaz de protection ou le confort thermique ; augmenter le d\u00e9bit sans \u00e9tudier les courants d\u2019air peut cr\u00e9er des turbulences et disperser les polluants. Le dimensionnement doit concilier captage, qualit\u00e9 du cordon, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et conditions ambiantes.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Per i fumi di saldatura, questo approccio deve integrare aspirazione, aria di reintegro e organizzazione degli spazi. L\u2019aspirazione pu\u00f2 interferire con il gas protettivo o il comfort termico; aumentare la portata senza studiare i flussi pu\u00f2 creare turbolenze e disperdere gli inquinanti. La progettazione deve conciliare captazione, qualit\u00e0 del cordone, sicurezza e condizioni del posto di lavoro.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Bei Schwei\u00dfrauchen m\u00fcssen Absaugung, Zuluftnachf\u00fchrung und Raumaufteilung zusammengedacht werden. Absaugung kann Schutzgas oder thermischen Komfort beeintr\u00e4chtigen; h\u00f6here Luftmengen ohne Str\u00f6mungsanalyse k\u00f6nnen Turbulenzen erzeugen und Schadstoffe verteilen. Planung muss wirksame Erfassung, Nahtqualit\u00e4t, Prozesssicherheit und Umgebungsbedingungen vereinbaren.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"plazos\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Plazos y aplicaci\u00f3n en Espa\u00f1a<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Deadlines and implementation in Spain<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">D\u00e9lais et application en Espagne<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Scadenze e applicazione in Spagna<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Fristen und Umsetzung in Spanien<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva<\/a> entrar\u00e1 en vigor el vig\u00e9simo d\u00eda siguiente al de su publicaci\u00f3n (<strong>19 de noviembre de 2026<\/strong>) y fija como fecha l\u00edmite el <strong>20 de noviembre de 2028<\/strong> para que los Estados miembros adopten y publiquen las disposiciones nacionales necesarias. Los plazos transitorios para cobalto y HAP se extienden m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de esa fecha y deben interpretarse de acuerdo con las fechas y los sectores concretos del texto.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive<\/a> enters into force on the twentieth day after publication (<strong>19 November 2026<\/strong>) and requires Member States to adopt the necessary national provisions by <strong>20 November 2028<\/strong>. The cobalt and PAH transition periods extend beyond that deadline and must be applied according to their exact dates and sector restrictions.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive<\/a> entre en vigueur le vingti\u00e8me jour suivant sa publication (<strong>19 novembre 2026<\/strong>) et fixe au <strong>20 novembre 2028<\/strong> la date limite de transposition par les \u00c9tats membres. Les p\u00e9riodes transitoires pour le cobalt et les HAP se prolongent au-del\u00e0 de cette date et doivent \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9es selon leurs \u00e9ch\u00e9ances et secteurs pr\u00e9cis.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva<\/a> entra in vigore il ventesimo giorno successivo alla pubblicazione (<strong>19 novembre 2026<\/strong>) e fissa al <strong>20 novembre 2028<\/strong> la scadenza per il recepimento nazionale. I periodi transitori per cobalto e IPA vanno oltre tale data e devono essere applicati secondo le precise scadenze e categorie settoriali.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie<\/a> tritt am zwanzigsten Tag nach der Ver\u00f6ffentlichung (<strong>19. November 2026<\/strong>) in Kraft. Die Mitgliedstaaten m\u00fcssen die erforderlichen nationalen Vorschriften bis <strong>20. November 2028<\/strong> erlassen. Die \u00dcbergangsfristen f\u00fcr Kobalt und PAK gehen dar\u00fcber hinaus und gelten nur zu den jeweils festgelegten Terminen und Branchen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"une-column\">\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La fecha de transposici\u00f3n no debe confundirse con una pr\u00f3rroga general para no evaluar o controlar la exposici\u00f3n. Las obligaciones preventivas vigentes siguen aplic\u00e1ndose durante la transici\u00f3n, al igual que los valores nacionales que resulten exigibles mientras el Estado miembro adapta su normativa. En Espa\u00f1a, el an\u00e1lisis debe realizarse sobre la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1995\/BOE-A-1995-24292-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Ley 31\/1995 de Prevenci\u00f3n de Riesgos Laborales<\/a> y las disposiciones reglamentarias aplicables a agentes CMR \u2014<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1997\/BOE-A-1997-11145-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Real Decreto 665\/1997<\/a>\u2014 y qu\u00edmicos \u2014<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/2001\/BOE-A-2001-8436-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Real Decreto 374\/2001<\/a>\u2014. La empresa no deber\u00eda esperar a la norma de transposici\u00f3n para revisar procesos cuya exposici\u00f3n ya se conoce.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The transposition deadline is not a general extension allowing exposures to go unassessed or uncontrolled. Existing prevention duties and enforceable national limits remain applicable during the transition. In Spain, assessments must take account of <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1995\/BOE-A-1995-24292-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Law 31\/1995 on Occupational Risk Prevention<\/a> and the applicable rules on CMR agents\u2014<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1997\/BOE-A-1997-11145-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Royal Decree 665\/1997<\/a>\u2014and chemical agents\u2014<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/2001\/BOE-A-2001-8436-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Royal Decree 374\/2001<\/a>. Companies should not wait for national transposition to address known exposures.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La date de transposition n\u2019est pas un d\u00e9lai g\u00e9n\u00e9ral pour diff\u00e9rer l\u2019\u00e9valuation ou la ma\u00eetrise des expositions. Les obligations pr\u00e9ventives et limites nationales en vigueur continuent de s\u2019appliquer. En Espagne, l\u2019analyse doit se fonder sur la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1995\/BOE-A-1995-24292-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">loi 31\/1995 relative \u00e0 la pr\u00e9vention des risques professionnels<\/a>, ainsi que sur les dispositions relatives aux agents CMR (<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1997\/BOE-A-1997-11145-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">d\u00e9cret royal 665\/1997<\/a>) et chimiques (<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/2001\/BOE-A-2001-8436-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">d\u00e9cret royal 374\/2001<\/a>). Les entreprises ne doivent pas attendre la transposition pour revoir les expositions connues.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La scadenza di recepimento non \u00e8 una proroga generale per rinviare la valutazione o il controllo delle esposizioni. Restano applicabili gli obblighi preventivi e i limiti nazionali vigenti. In Spagna occorre considerare la <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1995\/BOE-A-1995-24292-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">legge 31\/1995 sulla prevenzione dei rischi sul lavoro<\/a> e le norme sugli agenti CMR (<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1997\/BOE-A-1997-11145-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">regio decreto 665\/1997<\/a>) e chimici (<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/2001\/BOE-A-2001-8436-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">regio decreto 374\/2001<\/a>). Non si dovrebbe attendere il recepimento per riesaminare esposizioni gi\u00e0 note.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die Umsetzungsfrist ist kein allgemeiner Aufschub f\u00fcr die Beurteilung oder Beherrschung von Expositionen. Bestehende Schutzpflichten und nationale Grenzwerte gelten weiter. In Spanien sind das <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1995\/BOE-A-1995-24292-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Gesetz 31\/1995 zur Pr\u00e4vention beruflicher Risiken<\/a> und die Vorschriften \u00fcber CMR-Stoffe (<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1997\/BOE-A-1997-11145-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">K\u00f6nigliches Dekret 665\/1997<\/a>) sowie chemische Arbeitsstoffe (<a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/2001\/BOE-A-2001-8436-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">K\u00f6nigliches Dekret 374\/2001<\/a>) ma\u00dfgeblich. Bekannte Expositionen sollten bereits vor der Umsetzung gepr\u00fcft werden.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La modificaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n actualiza el anexo III bis sobre valores biol\u00f3gicos vinculantes y vigilancia de la salud, incluyendo el nuevo valor para 1,4-dioxano y disposiciones relativas al plomo. Por tanto, su implantaci\u00f3n no queda limitada al departamento de ingenier\u00eda: requiere coordinaci\u00f3n con prevenci\u00f3n, higiene industrial, medicina del trabajo, mantenimiento, compras y responsables de producci\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">The amendment also updates Annex IIIa on binding biological limits and health surveillance, including the new 1,4-dioxane value and provisions concerning lead. Implementation is therefore not solely an engineering task: it calls for coordination among prevention specialists, industrial hygiene, occupational medicine, maintenance, purchasing and production management.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La modification actualise \u00e9galement l\u2019annexe III bis sur les valeurs limites biologiques contraignantes et la surveillance m\u00e9dicale, notamment pour le 1,4-dioxane et le plomb. Sa mise en \u0153uvre ne rel\u00e8ve donc pas uniquement de l\u2019ing\u00e9nierie : elle exige une coordination entre pr\u00e9vention, hygi\u00e8ne industrielle, m\u00e9decine du travail, maintenance, achats et production.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La modifica aggiorna anche l\u2019allegato III bis sui limiti biologici vincolanti e sulla sorveglianza sanitaria, comprese le nuove disposizioni sull\u20191,4-diossano e sul piombo. L\u2019attuazione non riguarda solo l\u2019ingegneria: richiede coordinamento tra prevenzione, igiene industriale, medicina del lavoro, manutenzione, acquisti e produzione.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die \u00c4nderung aktualisiert au\u00dferdem Anhang IIIa zu verbindlichen biologischen Grenzwerten und arbeitsmedizinischer \u00dcberwachung, einschlie\u00dflich 1,4-Dioxan und Blei. Die Umsetzung ist deshalb nicht allein eine Ingenieuraufgabe, sondern erfordert Zusammenarbeit zwischen Arbeitsschutz, Arbeitshygiene, Betriebsmedizin, Wartung, Einkauf und Produktion.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/section>\r\n<aside class=\"une-tech-message\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\"><strong>Lectura t\u00e9cnica:<\/strong> los valores transitorios son excepciones delimitadas, no una autorizaci\u00f3n para aplazar los controles. El cumplimiento se verifica con una evaluaci\u00f3n representativa del agente, la fracci\u00f3n y la tarea.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><strong>Technical interpretation:<\/strong> transitional limits are narrowly defined exceptions, not permission to postpone controls. Compliance requires representative evaluation of the substance, sampled fraction and task.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\"><strong>Interpr\u00e9tation technique :<\/strong> les valeurs transitoires sont des exceptions encadr\u00e9es et non une autorisation de reporter les mesures. La conformit\u00e9 exige une \u00e9valuation repr\u00e9sentative de la substance, de la fraction pr\u00e9lev\u00e9e et de la t\u00e2che.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\"><strong>Lettura tecnica:<\/strong> i limiti transitori sono eccezioni specifiche, non un\u2019autorizzazione a rinviare i controlli. La conformit\u00e0 richiede misure rappresentative dell\u2019agente, della frazione e dell\u2019attivit\u00e0.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\"><strong>Technische Einordnung:<\/strong> \u00dcbergangswerte sind eng begrenzte Ausnahmen und kein Aufschub der Schutzma\u00dfnahmen. F\u00fcr die Einhaltung sind repr\u00e4sentative Bewertungen von Stoff, Fraktion und T\u00e4tigkeit notwendig.<\/span><\/aside>\r\n<section aria-labelledby=\"kt-infographic-heading\" class=\"une-infographic\">\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2 une-infographic-heading\" id=\"kt-infographic-heading\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Infograf\u00edas t\u00e9cnicas del art\u00edculo<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Technical infographic summaries<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Infographies techniques de l\u2019article<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Infografiche tecniche dell\u2019articolo<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Technische Infografiken zum Artikel<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<div class=\"une-original-figures\">\r\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Infograf\u00eda sobre cobalto, l\u00edmites de las fracciones inhalable y respirable, y mezclas de hidrocarburos arom\u00e1ticos polic\u00edclicos con sus valores transitorios\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"590\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/dir-2026-2450-infografia-01.jpg\" width=\"922\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Infograf\u00eda original del art\u00edculo: cobalto y mezclas de HAP.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Original infographic: cobalt and PAH mixtures.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Infographie originale : cobalt et m\u00e9langes de HAP.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Infografica originale: cobalto e miscele di IPA.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Originalinfografik: Kobalt und PAK-Gemische.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Infograf\u00eda del art\u00edculo sobre isopreno, 1,4-dioxano, control biol\u00f3gico y humos de soldadura\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"1158\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/dir-2026-2450-infografia-02.jpg\" width=\"930\"\/><figcaption><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Infograf\u00eda original del art\u00edculo: isopreno, 1,4-dioxano y humos de soldadura.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Original infographic: isoprene, 1,4-dioxane and welding fumes.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Infographie originale : isopr\u00e8ne, 1,4-dioxane et fum\u00e9es de soudage.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Infografica originale: isoprene, 1,4-diossano e fumi di saldatura.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Originalinfografik: Isopren, 1,4-Dioxan und Schwei\u00dfrauche.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"une-translated-infographics\"><div class=\"une-metric-grid\">\r\n<div class=\"une-metric\">\r\n<h3 class=\"kt-heading-3\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Cobalto y compuestos inorg\u00e1nicos de cobalto<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Cobalt and its inorganic compounds<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Cobalt et compos\u00e9s inorganiques<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Cobalto e composti inorganici<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Kobalt und anorganische Verbindungen<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<div class=\"une-big-number\">0,01 \/ 0,0025 mg\/m\u00b3<\/div>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">L\u00edmites de 8 h: fracci\u00f3n inhalable \/ respirable.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Eight-hour limits: inhalable \/ respirable fractions.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Limites sur 8 h : fraction inhalable \/ alv\u00e9olaire.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Limiti sulle 8 h: frazione inalabile \/ respirabile.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Acht-Stunden-Werte: einatembare \/ alveoleng\u00e4ngige Fraktion.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"une-metric-note\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Transici\u00f3n: 0,02 \/ 0,0042 mg\/m\u00b3 hasta el 20.11.2032. Sensibilizaci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea y respiratoria.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Transition: 0.02 \/ 0.0042 mg\/m\u00b3 until 20 Nov 2032. Skin and respiratory sensitisation.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Transition : 0,02 \/ 0,0042 mg\/m\u00b3 jusqu\u2019au 20.11.2032. Sensibilisation cutan\u00e9e et respiratoire.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Transizione: 0,02 \/ 0,0042 mg\/m\u00b3 fino al 20.11.2032. Sensibilizzazione cutanea e respiratoria.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">\u00dcbergang: 0,02 \/ 0,0042 mg\/m\u00b3 bis 20.11.2032. Sensibilisierung von Haut und Atemwegen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"une-metric\">\r\n<h3 class=\"kt-heading-3\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Mezclas de HAP<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">PAH mixtures<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">M\u00e9langes de HAP<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Miscele di IPA<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">PAK-Gemische<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<div class=\"une-big-number\">0,00007 mg\/m\u00b3<\/div>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">L\u00edmite de 8 h, medido en benzo[a]pireno. Notaci\u00f3n de absorci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Eight-hour limit measured as benzo[a]pyrene. Skin-absorption notation.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Limite sur 8 h mesur\u00e9e en benzo[a]pyr\u00e8ne. Mention \u00ab peau \u00bb.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Limite sulle 8 h misurato come benzo[a]pirene. Indicazione cutanea.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Acht-Stunden-Grenzwert, gemessen als Benzo[a]pyren. Hautvermerk.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"une-metric-note\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Transitorio: 0,00014 mg\/m\u00b3 hasta el 20.11.2033 \u00fanicamente en los sectores incluidos.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Transition: 0.00014 mg\/m\u00b3 until 20 Nov 2033, limited to listed sectors.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Transition : 0,00014 mg\/m\u00b3 jusqu\u2019au 20.11.2033, limit\u00e9e aux secteurs cit\u00e9s.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Transizione: 0,00014 mg\/m\u00b3 fino al 20.11.2033, solo nei settori elencati.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">\u00dcbergang: 0,00014 mg\/m\u00b3 bis 20.11.2033, nur f\u00fcr genannte Branchen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"une-metric\">\r\n<h3 class=\"kt-heading-3\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Isopreno<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Isoprene<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Isopr\u00e8ne<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Isoprene<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Isopren<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<div class=\"une-big-number\">8,5 mg\/m\u00b3 \u00b7 3 ppm<\/div>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">L\u00edmite vinculante de ocho horas. Control de fugas y emisiones del proceso.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Binding eight-hour limit. Control leaks and process emissions.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Valeur limite contraignante sur huit heures. Ma\u00eetriser les fuites et les \u00e9missions.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Limite vincolante sulle otto ore. Controllare perdite ed emissioni del processo.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Verbindlicher Acht-Stunden-Grenzwert. Leckagen und Prozessemissionen beherrschen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"une-metric\">\r\n<h3 class=\"kt-heading-3\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">1,4-dioxano<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">1,4-Dioxane<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">1,4-Dioxane<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">1,4-Diossano<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">1,4-Dioxan<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<div class=\"une-big-number\">7,3 \/ 73 mg\/m\u00b3<\/div>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">L\u00edmites ambiental de 8 h \/ corta duraci\u00f3n (2 \/ 20 ppm). Absorci\u00f3n cut\u00e1nea.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Eight-hour \/ short-term air limits (2 \/ 20 ppm). Skin absorption.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Limites atmosph\u00e9riques sur 8 h \/ courte dur\u00e9e (2 \/ 20 ppm). Absorption cutan\u00e9e.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Limiti ambientali sulle 8 h \/ a breve termine (2 \/ 20 ppm). Assorbimento cutaneo.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Luftgrenzwerte: acht Stunden \/ Kurzzeit (2 \/ 20 ppm). Hautaufnahme.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"une-metric-note\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Vigilancia biol\u00f3gica: 45 mg de HEAA por gramo de creatinina en orina, al final del turno o exposici\u00f3n.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Biological monitoring: 45 mg HEAA per gram of urinary creatinine at the end of exposure or shift.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Surveillance biologique : 45 mg d\u2019HEAA par gramme de cr\u00e9atinine urinaire en fin d\u2019exposition ou de poste.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Monitoraggio biologico: 45 mg di HEAA per grammo di creatinina urinaria a fine esposizione o turno.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Biomonitoring: 45 mg HEAA je Gramm Kreatinin im Urin am Ende der Exposition oder Schicht.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"une-translation-panel\">\r\n<h3 class=\"kt-heading-3\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Humos de soldadura<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Welding fumes<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Fum\u00e9es de soudage<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Fumi di saldatura<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Schwei\u00dfrauche<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Trabajos incluidos en el anexo I cuando los humos contienen agentes CMR de categor\u00eda 1A o 1B; se respetan los valores l\u00edmite aplicables a cada agente liberado. No existe un valor l\u00edmite \u00fanico para todo el humo. Prioridad t\u00e9cnica: captaci\u00f3n localizada cerca del arco.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Annex I applies where welding fumes contain category 1A or 1B CMR agents; each emitted agent is subject to its applicable limit. The Directive does not establish a single limit for total welding fumes. Technical priority: local extraction close to the arc.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">L\u2019annexe I vise les fum\u00e9es contenant des agents CMR de cat\u00e9gorie 1A ou 1B ; la limite applicable \u00e0 chaque agent \u00e9mis doit \u00eatre respect\u00e9e. La directive ne fixe pas une limite unique pour toutes les fum\u00e9es. Priorit\u00e9 technique : captage au plus pr\u00e8s de l\u2019arc.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">L\u2019allegato I comprende i fumi con agenti CMR di categoria 1A o 1B; si applicano i limiti di ciascun agente emesso. La direttiva non stabilisce un unico limite per tutti i fumi. Priorit\u00e0 tecnica: captazione localizzata presso l\u2019arco.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Anhang I gilt f\u00fcr Schwei\u00dfrauche mit CMR-Stoffen der Kategorie 1A oder 1B; f\u00fcr jeden freigesetzten Stoff gilt sein spezifischer Grenzwert. Die Richtlinie legt keinen einheitlichen Grenzwert f\u00fcr den gesamten Schwei\u00dfrauch fest. Technische Priorit\u00e4t: Absaugung direkt am Lichtbogen.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\r\n<section class=\"une-conclusion\">\r\n<h2 class=\"kt-heading-2\" id=\"conclusion\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Conclusi\u00f3n t\u00e9cnica<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Technical conclusion<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Conclusion technique<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Conclusione tecnica<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Technisches Fazit<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a> convierte varios peligros conocidos en referencias europeas m\u00e1s precisas y exigibles: define l\u00edmites num\u00e9ricos para cobalto, HAP, isopreno y 1,4-dioxano, incorpora humos de soldadura bajo condiciones de clasificaci\u00f3n concretas y refuerza la conexi\u00f3n entre medici\u00f3n ambiental y vigilancia biol\u00f3gica.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\"><a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Directive (EU) 2026\/2450<\/a> translates several known hazards into more precise, enforceable European benchmarks: numerical limits for cobalt, PAHs, isoprene and 1,4-dioxane, specified welding-fume activities and a stronger link between airborne and biological monitoring.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directive (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a> transforme plusieurs dangers connus en r\u00e9f\u00e9rences europ\u00e9ennes plus pr\u00e9cises et contraignantes : valeurs num\u00e9riques pour le cobalt, les HAP, l\u2019isopr\u00e8ne et le 1,4-dioxane, inclusion de certaines fum\u00e9es de soudage et renforcement du lien entre mesurages atmosph\u00e9riques et surveillance biologique.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">La <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">direttiva (UE) 2026\/2450<\/a> trasforma rischi noti in riferimenti europei pi\u00f9 precisi e vincolanti: limiti numerici per cobalto, IPA, isoprene e 1,4-diossano, inclusione di determinati fumi di saldatura e maggiore integrazione tra misure ambientali e monitoraggio biologico.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Die <a class=\"kt-editorial-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/doue\/2026\/2450\/L00001-00013.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Richtlinie (EU) 2026\/2450<\/a> macht bekannte Gefahren anhand pr\u00e4ziserer und verbindlicher europ\u00e4ischer Vorgaben bewertbar: Grenzwerte f\u00fcr Kobalt, PAK, Isopren und 1,4-Dioxan, Erfassung bestimmter Schwei\u00dfrauche sowie st\u00e4rkere Verkn\u00fcpfung von Luftmessungen und biologischer \u00dcberwachung.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Para las instalaciones industriales, la respuesta no consiste en comparar una medici\u00f3n aislada con una tabla. Hace falta conocer qu\u00e9 se emite, en qu\u00e9 tarea, durante cu\u00e1nto tiempo, en qu\u00e9 fracci\u00f3n o v\u00eda de absorci\u00f3n y con qu\u00e9 variabilidad. Con esa informaci\u00f3n se dimensionan la captaci\u00f3n, el tratamiento, la ventilaci\u00f3n general y los procedimientos de trabajo. El valor l\u00edmite sirve para verificar el cumplimiento; el objetivo de ingenier\u00eda es dise\u00f1ar el proceso para que la exposici\u00f3n se mantenga controlada de forma estable, tambi\u00e9n durante las operaciones auxiliares que suelen quedar fuera del ciclo productivo principal.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Industrial facilities cannot respond simply by comparing one measurement with a table. They must know what is emitted, by which task, for how long, in which particle fraction or exposure route, and with what variability. This information determines extraction, treatment, general ventilation and work procedures. Legal limits verify compliance; engineering aims to keep exposure reliably controlled, including during auxiliary activities outside the main production cycle.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Pour les installations industrielles, comparer un r\u00e9sultat isol\u00e9 \u00e0 un tableau ne suffit pas. Il faut savoir quelle substance est \u00e9mise, par quelle t\u00e2che, pendant combien de temps, dans quelle fraction ou voie d\u2019absorption et avec quelle variabilit\u00e9. Ces donn\u00e9es permettent de dimensionner le captage, le traitement, la ventilation et les proc\u00e9dures. La valeur limite v\u00e9rifie la conformit\u00e9 ; l\u2019ing\u00e9nierie vise une ma\u00eetrise durable, y compris lors des op\u00e9rations auxiliaires.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Negli impianti industriali non basta confrontare una misura isolata con una tabella. Occorre sapere cosa viene emesso, durante quale attivit\u00e0 e per quanto tempo, attraverso quale frazione o via di assorbimento e con quale variabilit\u00e0. Queste informazioni servono a dimensionare aspirazione, trattamento, ventilazione generale e procedure. Il limite verifica la conformit\u00e0; l\u2019obiettivo progettuale \u00e8 mantenere il controllo stabile anche durante le operazioni ausiliarie.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">F\u00fcr Industrieanlagen reicht es nicht, eine Einzelmessung mit einer Tabelle zu vergleichen. Entscheidend sind Stoff, T\u00e4tigkeit, Dauer, Partikelfraktion bzw. Aufnahmeweg und Schwankungsbreite. Darauf basieren die Auslegung von Absaugung, Abscheidung, Rauml\u00fcftung und Arbeitsverfahren. Der Grenzwert dient der Einhaltungspr\u00fcfung; das technische Ziel ist eine dauerhaft beherrschte Exposition auch bei Neben- und Wartungsarbeiten.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<\/section>\r\n<div class=\"une-multilingual-motto\"><p><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Evita ambientes poco ventilados y a quien no te mantenga informado.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Avoid poorly ventilated environments and those who do not keep you informed.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">\u00c9vitez les environnements mal a\u00e9r\u00e9s et ceux qui ne vous tiennent pas inform\u00e9.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Evita gli ambienti poco ventilati e chi non ti tiene informato.<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Meide schlecht bel\u00fcftete R\u00e4ume und Menschen, die dich nicht auf dem Laufenden halten.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<footer class=\"pree-author-card pree-author-card--bottom\" id=\"keyter-author-compact-cronologia\" itemprop=\"author\" itemscope=\"\" 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class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">UE 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">EU 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">UE 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">UE 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">EU 2026\/2450<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A32026L2450\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">EUR-Lex 2026\/2450<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02004L0037-20240408\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">2004\/37\/CE \u00b7 consolidada<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">2004\/37\/EC \u00b7 consolidated<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">2004\/37\/CE \u00b7 consolid\u00e9e<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">2004\/37\/CE \u00b7 consolidata<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">2004\/37\/EG \u00b7 konsolidiert<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/ES\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX%3A02008R1272-20260701\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">CLP \u00b7 1272\/2008<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1997\/BOE-A-1997-11145-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">RD 665\/1997<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/2001\/BOE-A-2001-8436-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">RD 374\/2001<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.boe.es\/buscar\/pdf\/1995\/BOE-A-1995-24292-consolidado.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">Ley 31\/1995<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">Law 31\/1995<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">Loi 31\/1995<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">Legge 31\/1995<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">Gesetz 31\/1995<\/span><\/a><a class=\"une-norm-tags__item\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insst.es\/documents\/94886\/8404970\/LEP%2B2026.pdf\/afbc6afa-3826-dcf0-9802-275a3f2059c4?t=1777355136319\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"es\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"en\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"fr\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"it\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><span class=\"une-t\" lang=\"de\">INSST \u00b7 LEP 2026<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/nav>\r\n<\/article>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d934c8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d934c8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a89c9cd elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no\" data-id=\"a89c9cd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f55bf26\" data-id=\"f55bf26\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97a0a59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"97a0a59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span>M\u00e1s art\u00edculos<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a184ad8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a184ad8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00bfTe interesan nuestras noticias, art\u00edculos y actualizaciones? L\u00e9elo todo y mantente al d\u00eda.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-195ae25 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"195ae25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/es\/akademy\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-circle-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">ART\u00cdCULOS<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fb8709f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no\" data-id=\"fb8709f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f31a329\" data-id=\"f31a329\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65b04ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65b04ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u00c1S SOBRE KEYTER<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec720cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ec720cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"font-size: 40px;\">\u00bfEn qu\u00e9 estas interesado?<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c2cb42 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9c2cb42\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"369\" height=\"9\" src=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/line-leaf.svg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-45826\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e282af elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default parallax_section_no qode_elementor_container_no\" data-id=\"0e282af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-76e97bc\" data-id=\"76e97bc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dff960 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7dff960\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/es\/nuestra-historia\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-arrow-circle-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">NUESTRA HISTORIA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b6d582\" data-id=\"1b6d582\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-696ac41 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"696ac41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.keyter.com\/es\/productos\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span 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